What happened last week?
US
- The Federal Reserve cut interest rates again, then hinted it might pause.
- Big Tech delivered strong results, and Nvidia became the world’s first $5 trillion company.
Europe
- Europe’s big stock index hit a new record high.
Asia
- Japanese and South Korean stocks hit record highs.
- The US and China struck a brief trade truce that calmed markets but left the deeper tensions unresolved.
Why It Matters
The Federal Reserve (Fed) cut interest rates for the second time this year. The market’s been betting on a third cut, but the head of the Fed warned that is “far from” a foregone conclusion. In a separate move, the central bank said it will stop shrinking its balance sheet on 1st December, having pulled enough stimulus out of the system, for now.
Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, and Meta delivered mostly positive quarterly updates, with only Meta falling short of expectations. Cloud and AI businesses continued to drive growth, keeping earnings momentum strong and sentiment upbeat. Still, the companies’ updated forecasts were mixed, and their massive AI-related spending plans are forcing investors to question whether these giants can keep boosting their growth without eroding their margins. Hard to believe, in a week when Nvidia became the first company ever to hit a $5 trillion valuation. But it does show just how central the AI trade is to the market’s makeup – and how dependent the broader rally is on a handful of names. Nvidia is set to deliver its earnings on November 19th.
Europe’s big STOXX 600 index closed at a record high, and Spain’s IBEX 35 finally surpassed its 2007 peak – having gained nearly 40% this year.
The momentum’s been powered by strong corporate results, cooling inflation across the eurozone, and renewed optimism that rate cuts could resume early next year. Bank and industrial stocks led the charge, highlighting how Europe’s recovery story is broadening beyond tech and luxury – though doubts remain about how strong the underlying growth recovery really is.
Asian stocks started to seem unstoppable: Japan’s Nikkei 225 broke through 51,000 for the first time, and South Korea’s KOSPI climbed past 4,000, both setting new records. Not surprisingly, the rally’s been powered by AI-linked stocks – and by expectations that the Bank of Japan and Bank of Korea will keep interest rates low. Makes sense, but much of these markets now ride on tech, and if AI’s momentum wanes or those central bank change their plans, they mightn’t seem unstoppable for long.
The US and China emerged from talks with a temporary trade truce: better than nothing, but not the full trade deal they were hoping for. The meeting – which covered agriculture goods, rare earths, and fentanyl controls – soothed investors’ nerves, for a while anyway. Key disputes over tech and investments were still noticeably unresolved.
The Focus In The Week Ahead: The Big Stories
About a third of the S&P 500’s companies have lifted the curtain on their results so far, and the reviews have been glowing: profits are up roughly 9% from last year, with most firms topping expectations. But the next wave of reports will test the two storylines that have kept investors hooked all year – AI and the American shopper.
On the tech front, the heroes of the AI tale-Palantir, Qualcomm, AMD, Super Micro Computer, and Arista Networks – are walking into this week with some great expectations from the market. The bulls are betting that corporate spending on chips, cloud gear, and AI software is still ramping up – setting the stage for the next chapter of earnings growth. Palantir’s stock, for one, is priced for 55% revenue growth and 85% earnings growth. These numbers won’t be enough for this crowd: investors are looking for more happily-ever guidance from every AI-adjacent name in the credits too. If any of them hint that adoption is leveling off or capital spending is slowing, the AI trade that’s gripped the markets this year could lose its magic.
Then there’s the consumer storyline – the one about the wallets that just won’t quit. McDonald’s will offer clues about lower-income demand, Shopify and Pinterest about online retail activity, and Airbnb and Uber about travel and services demand. So far, wealthy households and brand-name staples have held firm, while middle- and lower-income spenders have been sluggish. It’s not until you put their results together that you find out whether the economy’s still K-shaped – with the health of wealthier shoppers and businesses offsetting weakness elsewhere – or if that imbalance is pulling everything lower.
On the big-picture macro side of things, investors are willing to bury their heads in whatever data they can get. The US government’s shutdown has limited official data releases, and that’s turning private surveys – like the factory and service sector purchasing managers’ indexes – into must-reads. Manufacturing activity has been shrinking in recent months, while the services side – the bulk of the economy – has been flirting with its first drop in years.
Now, a soft patch won’t necessarily be bad news for AI and consumer-facing stocks – slower growth often invites central bank stimulus, like lower interest rates. But the line between “softening” and “cracking” is thin. With stock valuations stretched and optimism high, any signal that our AI and consumer heroes are losing momentum could trigger an unhappy ending.
The Week Ahead
- Monday: US factory PMI (November). Earnings: Palantir.
- Tuesday: No major data expected. Earnings: Shopify, Spotify, Pfizer, Uber, AMD, Arista Networks, Rivian, Pinterest, Super Micro Computer, Upstart.
- Wednesday: US service sector PMI (November). Earnings: McDonald’s, Novo Nordisk, AMC, ARM, Qualcomm, Snap, Lucid Group.
- Thursday: Bank of England interest rate decision. Earnings: Moderna, Airbnb, Block, Cloudflare, Trade Desk
- Friday: US jobs data (October), US consumer sentiment (November).
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